Subway System History

Developed for urban public transport system is a kind of subway or underground train which is used all over the world. Many capitals and cities of the metro transport by providing fast and cheap, especially at the time of the traffic is heavy traffic congestion reduces karayollarındaki.
Downtown streets, houses, and sometimes lie beneath the river passing through the tunnel, subway lines, and sometimes they rise above the earth. The first steam locomotive used in the subway, but nowadays works with underground electric power and is equipped with computerized control system.
The first major subway systems, 19 At the end of the 20th century at the beginning of the century London, Moscow, New York and Paris, was established. "Metro" word, meaning the meter and the main city of the Greek word meaning derived from the French police in the Metropolitan (metropolitan) is the abbreviated form of the word.
This type of public transportation systems in the world of the 1980s, 175 had 32 U.S., 21 in the USSR, Japan 10, Britain and China at six in the metro system has four.
Underground public transportation system of the city between the north and South America, New York, Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, Washington, Montreal, Toronto, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Santiago, in Europe, London, Athens, Barcelona, Brussels, Budapest , Copenhagen, Hamburg, Helsinki, Lisbon, Madrid, Milan, Munich, Naples, Oslo, Paris, Prague, Rome, Sofia, Stockholm, Vienna and Warsaw, the Soviet Union in Moscow, Kiev, Leningrad, the Middle East Alexandria, Baghdad and Cairo , Calcutta, India, Beijing, China, Japan, Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya, Bangkok and Singapore in Southeast Asia can be considered.
In Turkey, the first underground rail tunnel system, was established in Istanbul in Beyoglu and Galata. French engineer Henri Gaven'in get right to put forward the project and construction began to be made July 30, 1871 and 17 January 1875, has been in operation. Passengers, who move in opposite directions and the cable is taken with the two cars moved in the tunnel, was expropriated in 1939. Then, taking the steam-powered engines, electric motors has taken place.
Between two stations in a limited number of passengers transported by the first underground railway system for a similar initiative after a period of more than 100 years have passed. September 4th 1989, a 3.5 km section between Aksaray and Esen underground along the 8.5 km long, formed a line of fast tram system was opened to business. Construction was completed in three years, this system will move in 2.5 minutes with the train, 80 km from eight stations were quick way to carry passengers. But the fast tram, the number of passengers in an area less than a mass transit system could not be done. Began operations in 5000 when the daily number of passengers carried, to increase subsequently provided with free bus link has been reached within the first year to 35 thousand a day. Fast tram system will be installed as a starting point for a real mass transportation system can be considered.

Purpose of the subway
Subways and light rail systems provide solutions to traffic congestion on the roads, as other forms of transport in urban areas because of limited transportation will also help to solve the problem. A subway train can carry 400-600 people. The same number of people in six buses to transport by road or 100 cars is required.

Moreover, the subway system, inter-city trains, commuter trains, as well, road, sea and air transportation systems are also provided with the connection. The most successful of the modern subway system stations close to each other at short intervals between trains run faster.